Abstract Traumatic neuromas are rare benign tumors, that occur mainly from acute or chronic injury to a nerve. We present a case of a posterior interosseous nerve neuroma after trauma to the left forearm.

Resumo Os neuromas traumáticos são tumores benignos, com uma incidência rara, que ocorrem maioritariamente após trauma agudo ou crónico de um nervo. Apresentamos um caso de um neuroma traumático do nervo interósseo posterior após lesão traumática do antebraço esquerdo.

Abstract Oral cancer is a public health problem worldwide with approximately 300,000 new cases diagnosed every year and more than 170,000 deaths annually. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all oral malignancies and it is frequently preceded by lesions known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Screening programs for early detection of oral lesions have been conducted. Therefore, the objective of this research was to carry out an active search in a screening program in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil. High-risk patients were identified at the city’s health center through their medical records and referred for dental consultation. Other patients who opportunistically sought dental care were also seen and if they did not present risk factors for SCC, they were considered low-risk. A total of 756 patients were examined, and 445 met the criteria for the high-risk group and 311 for the low-risk group. It was possible to diagnose 27 OPMDs and six SCCs – 21 OPMDs and six SCCs occurred in high-risk patients and six OPMDs in low-risk patients. A chi-square test was applied and a statistically significant value (p = 0.006) was obtained for the detection of OPMD and SCC in patients of the high-risk group. Screening of high-risk patients through active search proved to be an effective program for diagnosing OPMD and SCC. Therefore, we encourage its implementation on a large scale to reduce the current scenario of this disease.

ABSTRACT Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious global public health concern associated with social vulnerability. In Brazil, the Unified Health System (SUS, Portuguese) provides free diagnosis and treatment for MDR-TB; however, other expenses may still be incurred for patients and their families which, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), can be catastrophic when these costs surpass 20.0% of the annual household income. This study aimed to assess the extent of catastrophic costs related to the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of MDR-TB among patients receiving care at an outpatient clinic in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: This prospective study used convenience sampling from July 2019 to June 2021. Data regarding direct and indirect costs were collected using a standardized questionnaire endorsed by the WHO. To analyze any impoverishment occurred from MDR-TB, a threshold established by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for 2019 and 2020 of US$ 79,562 and US$ 94,5273, respectively, was applied. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, including mean; standard deviation; variation coefficient; median; and maximum, minimum, and interquartile ranges. Results: A total of 65 patients were interviewed. Among the participants, 73.8% experienced catastrophic costs, with indirect costs exerting the most significant impact (median: US$ 3,825.9), in contrast to direct costs (median: US$ 542.7). When comparing the periods before and after diagnosis, the prevalence of poverty increased from 12.0% to 28.0%. Conclusions: Despite the support from the SUS in Brazil, diagnostic and therapeutic cascades incur additional costs, exacerbating social vulnerability among patients with MDR-TB.

Resumo Michel Maffesoli é mundialmente conhecido como pensador da pós-modernidade, do tribalismo como uma nova forma de socialidade e da razão sensível, no contexto do que caracteriza como uma mudança epistêmica ou paradigmática emergente. Apesar de não refletir sobre o tema das práticas assistenciais, ao trazer uma leitura sociológica que destaca o doméstico, o localismo e o tribalismo, e fazer referências à saúde pela perspectiva da potência pessoal e social, neste ensaio argumenta-se que as ideias-força extraídas de seu pensamento podem oferecer contribuições aos fundamentos epistemológicos, ético-políticos e teórico-metodológicos das ações de profissionais que trabalham na interface saúde/assistência social e que atuam no espaço-tempo da vida cotidiana em um dado território. Pois, ao apresentar um logos que valida uma razão afetiva e que toma os locais de vida cotidiana como espaço-tempo de vinculações e desenvolvimento de potencialidades, um ethos ecosófico de respeito às pessoas, à natureza e à diversidade das formas e modos de vida, seu pensamento pode ainda oferecer um quadro dos lugares de habitar pessoal e do conviver coletivamente, que podem vir a ser cenários de práticas assistenciais interdisciplinares e interprofissionais (praxis) afinadas a uma racionalidade sensível, orientada pela e para a potencialização da vida.

Abstract Michel Maffesoli is known worldwide as a thinker of postmodernity, of tribalism as a new form of sociality and sensitive reason, within an emerging epistemic or paradigmatic change. Despite not reflecting on care practices, by bringing a sociological reading that highlights the domestic, localism and tribalism, and referencing health from the perspective of personal and social potency, this essay argues that the force-ideas extracted from his thought can contribute to the epistemological, ethical-political and theoretical-methodological foundations of the actions of professionals who work at the health care/social support interface and who act in the space-time of everyday life in a given territory. By presenting a logos that validates a sensitive reason and that takes the places of daily life as space-time of connections and development of potentialities, an ecosophical ethos of respect for people, nature and the diversity of forms and ways of life, his thought can also outline places of personal and collective dwelling, which can become scenarios of interdisciplinary and interprofessional care practices (praxis) in tune with a sensitive rationality, guided by and for the potentiation of life.

Resumo Michel Maffesoli é mundialmente conhecido como pensador da pós-modernidade, do tribalismo como uma nova forma de socialidade e da razão sensível, no contexto do que caracteriza como uma mudança epistêmica ou paradigmática emergente. Apesar de não refletir sobre o tema das práticas assistenciais, ao trazer uma leitura sociológica que destaca o doméstico, o localismo e o tribalismo, e fazer referências à saúde pela perspectiva da potência pessoal e social, neste ensaio argumenta-se que as ideias-força extraídas de seu pensamento podem oferecer contribuições aos fundamentos epistemológicos, ético-políticos e teórico-metodológicos das ações de profissionais que trabalham na interface saúde/assistência social e que atuam no espaço-tempo da vida cotidiana em um dado território. Pois, ao apresentar um logos que valida uma razão afetiva e que toma os locais de vida cotidiana como espaço-tempo de vinculações e desenvolvimento de potencialidades, um ethos ecosófico de respeito às pessoas, à natureza e à diversidade das formas e modos de vida, seu pensamento pode ainda oferecer um quadro dos lugares de habitar pessoal e do conviver coletivamente, que podem vir a ser cenários de práticas assistenciais interdisciplinares e interprofissionais (praxis) afinadas a uma racionalidade sensível, orientada pela e para a potencialização da vida.

Abstract Michel Maffesoli is known worldwide as a thinker of postmodernity, of tribalism as a new form of sociality and sensitive reason, within an emerging epistemic or paradigmatic change. Despite not reflecting on care practices, by bringing a sociological reading that highlights the domestic, localism and tribalism, and referencing health from the perspective of personal and social potency, this essay argues that the force-ideas extracted from his thought can contribute to the epistemological, ethical-political and theoretical-methodological foundations of the actions of professionals who work at the health care/social support interface and who act in the space-time of everyday life in a given territory. By presenting a logos that validates a sensitive reason and that takes the places of daily life as space-time of connections and development of potentialities, an ecosophical ethos of respect for people, nature and the diversity of forms and ways of life, his thought can also outline places of personal and collective dwelling, which can become scenarios of interdisciplinary and interprofessional care practices (praxis) in tune with a sensitive rationality, guided by and for the potentiation of life.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação de disglicemia e características clínicas, laboratoriais e radiográficas em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar (TBP), bem como a associação de disglicemia e desfechos do tratamento da tuberculose. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal com 140 pacientes com diagnóstico de TBP (culturas de escarro positivas para Mycobacterium tuberculosis ou resultados positivos do teste Xpert MTB/RIF em amostras de escarro). Os pacientes foram avaliados no momento do diagnóstico (M0), após dois meses de tratamento (M2) e no fim do tratamento (MFIM). Em M0, os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos: normoglicemia+TBP (NGTB); pré-diabetes mellitus+TBP (PDMTB) e diabetes mellitus+TBP (DMTB), de acordo com os níveis de hemoglobina glicada (< 5,7%, 5,7%-6,4% e ≥ 6,5%, respectivamente). Os desfechos do tratamento foram classificados em favoráveis (cura ou conclusão do tratamento) e desfavoráveis (óbito, perda de seguimento ou falência do tratamento). Resultados: Em nossa amostra, 76 pacientes (61,4%) apresentavam disglicemia, 20 (14,3%) dos quais apresentavam DM em M0. Os pacientes com disglicemia, em comparação com os do grupo NGTB, apresentaram mais frequentemente baciloscopia de escarro positiva (94,2% vs. 75,9%; p = 0,003); cavidades (80,2% vs. 63,0%; p = 0,03); lesões bilaterais (67,4% vs. 46,0%; p = 0,02) e maior mediana de terços pulmonares acometidos (3,0 vs. 2,0; p = 0,03) na radiografia de tórax. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto aos desfechos, mas a letalidade da tuberculose foi maior no grupo DMTB do que nos grupos PDMTB e NGTB (20% vs. 2,2%). Conclusões: Pacientes com TBP e disglicemia apresentaram manifestações laboratoriais e radiográficas indicativas de doença mais avançada, e o risco de óbito foi maior no grupo DMTB. Esses achados reforçam a recomendação de detecção precoce de DM em pacientes com tuberculose recém-diagnosticada, a fim de reduzir o risco de óbito durante o tratamento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association of dysglycemia with clinical, laboratory, and radiographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), as well as with their tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Methods: This was a longitudinal study involving 140 patients diagnosed with PTB (positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis or positive Xpert MTB/RIF results from sputum samples). Patients were evaluated at diagnosis (M0), after completing the second month of treatment (M2), and at the end of treatment (MEND). At M0, the patients were classified into three groups: normoglycemia+PTB (NGTB); pre-diabetes mellitus+PTB (PDMTB), and diabetes mellitus+PTB (DMTB), in accordance with glycated hemoglobin levels (< 5.7%, 5.7%-6.4%, and ≥ 6.5%, respectively). Treatment outcomes were classified as favorable (cure or treatment completion) and unfavorable (death, loss to follow-up, or treatment failure). Results: In our sample, 76 patients (61.4%) had dysglycemia, 20 of whom (14.3%) had DM at M0. The patients with dysglycemia, in comparison with those in the NGTB group, more frequently presented with positive sputum smear microscopy (94.2% vs. 75.9%; p = 0.003); cavities (80.2% vs. 63.0%; p = 0.03); bilateral lesions (67.4% vs. 46.0%; p = 0.02); and higher median of affected thirds of the lungs (3.0 vs. 2.0; p = 0.03) on chest radiography. No significant differences regarding outcomes were found among the groups, but tuberculosis lethality was higher in the DMTB group than in the PDMTB and NGTB groups (20% vs. 2.2%). Conclusions: PTB patients with dysglycemia had laboratory and radiographic manifestations indicative of more advanced disease, and the risk of death was higher in the DMTB group. These findings reinforce the recommendation for early screening for DM in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis in order to reduce the risk of death during treatment.

RESUMO A relevância epidemiológica da tuberculose está diretamente relacionada ao perfil socioeconômico dos países. A vulnerabilidade à tuberculose é influenciada por fatores biológicos, como desnutrição, infecção por HIV ou faixa etária, e fatores sociais, como habitações insalubres, alta densidade demográfica, condições de trabalho inadequadas e inacessibilidade aos serviços de saúde; porém, muitas vezes essas vulnerabilidades se somam. Propomos aqui uma reflexão sobre a tuberculose sob o ponto de vista dos determinantes sociais de saúde e dos custos associados ao seu diagnóstico e tratamento, baseando-nos não somente em dados publicados na literatura internacional, mas também nas evidências já presentes no panorama nacional. Considerando a magnitude da tuberculose como doença socialmente produzida, fica evidente a necessidade de maior envolvimento de profissionais de saúde e da comunidade científica no sentido de implementar medidas operacionais e de investigação relevantes para a compreensão dos condicionantes sociais do processo saúde-doença na tuberculose. A recente crise econômica pela qual passa o Brasil contribuiu para o aumento da mortalidade por todas as causas, incluindo por tuberculose; porém, investimentos em saúde e proteção social reduziram os danos à saúde. Essas evidências reforçam a importância de políticas públicas de proteção social para a redução dos indicadores da tuberculose visando sua eliminação no Brasil.

ABSTRACT The epidemiological relevance of tuberculosis is directly related to the socioeconomic profile of a given country. Vulnerability to tuberculosis is influenced by biological factors (e.g., malnutrition, HIV infection, and age) and social factors (e.g., unhealthy housing, high population density, inappropriate working conditions, and lack of access to health services). In many cases, multiple vulnerabilities occur in conjunction. We propose here a reflection on tuberculosis from the point of view of the social determinants of health, as well as the costs associated with its diagnosis and treatment in Brazil, based not only on data in the international literature but also on evidence related to the national context. Given the magnitude of tuberculosis as a socially mediated disease, there is an evident need for greater involvement of health professionals and of the scientific community to implement relevant operational and research measures to understand the social conditions influencing the health-illness continuum for tuberculosis patients. Although the recent economic crisis in Brazil has contributed to increased mortality from all causes, including tuberculosis, health and social protection expenditures have mitigated detrimental health effects. The evidence presented here underscores the importance of public social protection policies for minimizing the effects of tuberculosis indicators, with the aim of eliminating tuberculosis in Brazil.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the concordance between two versions of the scoring system (2011 and 2019), recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in children and adolescents. A retrospective descriptive study was performed to assess the medical records of children and adolescents with PTB, in TB units from Brazilian cities located in Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, and Parana States, from January 1 st , 2004, to December 1 st , 2018. Patients aged 0 to 18 years old with a diagnosis of PTB were included. The comparison between the two scoring systems showed a moderate concordance according to the κ coefficient value = 0.625. Fourteen patients showed a reduction in the TB score, going from 30 points in the 2011, to 25 points or less in the 2019 one. Seventy one percent of these 14 patients had radiological changes suggestive of PTB and 86% had tuberculin skin tests greater than 10 mm. The study concluded that a moderate agreement was observed between the 2011 and 2019 scoring systems, with an increase in the number of patients scoring 25 points or less in 2019, which can eventually hinder the diagnosis of PTB.

Este artigo relata o processo de reformulação curricular do Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Paraná ocorrido no período de 2013 a 2016. As justificativas para a reformulação foram: a necessidade de alinhamento com as atuais políticas públicas nacionais e os parâmetros nacionais e internacionais para formação profissional. O processo ocorreu de modo participativo e problematizador, culminando em uma matriz curricular delineada por eixos e ênfases específicas, com 3.305 horas distribuídas em cinco anos. A proposta pedagógica contempla a diversidade teórico-prática e didático-metodológica dos docentes. Consideraram-se também: a especificidade da formação em período noturno, o perfil dos estudantes ingressantes, a necessidade de redução nos índices de retenção e evasão, e as mudanças no mercado de trabalho. O desafio agora é a implantação gradativa e a avaliação continuada do novo currículo, de modo a garantir a formação esperada.

This article describes the process of curricular reformulation of the Occupational Therapy Course of the Federal University of Paraná that took place between 2013 and 2016. The reasons for the reformulation were the need to adapt to current national public policies and national and international parameters for professional education. The process was based on a participatory and problem-raising methodology, culminating in a curricular matrix defined by specific axes and emphases, with 3,305 hours distributed over five years. The pedagogical proposal took into account the theoretical-practical and didactic-methodological diversity of professors. It also considered the specificity of evening classes, the profile of entry-level students, the need to reduce retention and dropout rates, and changes in the labor market. The current challenge is the gradual implementation and ongoing evaluation of the new curriculum to ensure the expected education.

Este artículo relata el proceso de reformulación curricular del Curso de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Federal de Paraná realizado en el período de 2013 a 2016. Las justificativas para la reformulación fueron la necesidad de alineamiento con las actuales políticas públicas nacionales y los parámetros nacionales e internacionales para formación profesional. El proceso ocurrió de forma participativa y de problematización, culminando en una matriz curricular delineada por ejes y énfasis específicos, con 3.305 horas distribuidas en cinco años. La propuesta pedagógica incluye la diversidad teórico-práctica y didáctico-metodológica de los docentes. También se consideró la especificidad de la formación en período nocturno, el perfil de los estudiantes entrantes, la necesidad de reducción en los índices de retención y evasión y los cambios en el mercado de trabajo. Ahora, el desafío es la implantación gradual y la evaluación continuada del nuevo currículo, para garantizar la formación esperada.

Este artigo relata o processo de reformulação curricular do Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Paraná ocorrido no período de 2013 a 2016. As justificativas para a reformulação foram: a necessidade de alinhamento com as atuais políticas públicas nacionais e os parâmetros nacionais e internacionais para formação profissional. O processo ocorreu de modo participativo e problematizador, culminando em uma matriz curricular delineada por eixos e ênfases específicas, com 3.305 horas distribuídas em cinco anos. A proposta pedagógica contempla a diversidade teórico-prática e didático-metodológica dos docentes. Consideraram-se também: a especificidade da formação em período noturno, o perfil dos estudantes ingressantes, a necessidade de redução nos índices de retenção e evasão, e as mudanças no mercado de trabalho. O desafio agora é a implantação gradativa e a avaliação continuada do novo currículo, de modo a garantir a formação esperada.

This article describes the process of curricular reformulation of the Occupational Therapy Course of the Federal University of Paraná that took place between 2013 and 2016. The reasons for the reformulation were the need to adapt to current national public policies and national and international parameters for professional education. The process was based on a participatory and problem-raising methodology, culminating in a curricular matrix defined by specific axes and emphases, with 3,305 hours distributed over five years. The pedagogical proposal took into account the theoretical-practical and didactic-methodological diversity of professors. It also considered the specificity of evening classes, the profile of entry-level students, the need to reduce retention and dropout rates, and changes in the labor market. The current challenge is the gradual implementation and ongoing evaluation of the new curriculum to ensure the expected education.

Este artículo relata el proceso de reformulación curricular del Curso de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Federal de Paraná realizado en el período de 2013 a 2016. Las justificativas para la reformulación fueron la necesidad de alineamiento con las actuales políticas públicas nacionales y los parámetros nacionales e internacionales para formación profesional. El proceso ocurrió de forma participativa y de problematización, culminando en una matriz curricular delineada por ejes y énfasis específicos, con 3.305 horas distribuidas en cinco años. La propuesta pedagógica incluye la diversidad teórico-práctica y didáctico-metodológica de los docentes. También se consideró la especificidad de la formación en período nocturno, el perfil de los estudiantes entrantes, la necesidad de reducción en los índices de retención y evasión y los cambios en el mercado de trabajo. Ahora, el desafío es la implantación gradual y la evaluación continuada del nuevo currículo, para garantizar la formación esperada.

ABSTRACT Objective: Follicular and mantle cell lymphoma are low-grade B-cell malignancies that lack good responses to chemoimmunotherapy. This study aimed to assess retrospectively clinicopathological features and to determine independent prognostic factors for follicular and mantle cell lymphoma patients treated at two Brazilian medical centers: the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), a public university hospital, and AC. Camargo Cancer Center, a specialized cancer center. Methods: Two hundred and twenty-seven follicular and 112 mantle cell lymphoma cases were diagnosed between 1999 and 2016. Archived paraffin blocks were retrieved and reviewed. Corresponding demographics and clinical data were recovered from medical charts. Outcome analyses considered both overall and event-free survival. Results: For follicular lymphoma treated with the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate, prednisone) and R-CVP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, prednisone) regimens, both B-symptoms (p-value < 0.01 for overall and event-free survival) and high-risk Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (p-value < 0.01 for overall survival) were independently associated to worse prognosis. Maintenance with rituximab improved the prognosis (p-value < 0.01 for overall survival). For mantle cell lymphoma, B-symptoms (p-value = 0.03 for overall survival and event-free survival) and bone marrow infiltration (p-value = 0.01 for overall survival) independently predicted reduced survival, and rituximab at induction increased both event-free and overall survival (p-value < 0.01 in both analyses). Combinations of these deleterious features could identify extremely poor prognostic subgroups. The administration of rituximab was more frequent in the AC. Camargo Cancer Center, which was the institution associated with better overall survival for both neoplasias. Conclusion: This study represents the largest cohort of follicular and mantle cell lymphoma in South America thus far. Some easily assessable clinical variables were able to predict prognosis and should be considered in low-income centers. In addition, the underuse of rituximab in the Brazilian public health system should be reconsidered in future health policies.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The molecular test Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) has been recommended for use in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, data on the cost of incorporating it under routine conditions in high-burden countries are scarce. The clinical impact and costs incurred in adopting the Xpert test in routine PTB diagnosis was evaluated in a prospective study conducted from November 2012 to November of 2013, in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: The diagnostic and therapeutic cascade for TB treatment was evaluated using Xpert in the first stage (S1), and sputum smear microscopy (SSM) in the second stage (S2). The mean costs associated with each diagnostic test were calculated including equipment, human resources, supplies, and infrastructure. RESULTS: We included 232 subjects with probable TB (S1 = 87; S2 = 145). The sensitivities of Xpert and SSM were 91.7% (22/24) and 79.1% (34/43), respectively. The median time between triage and TB treatment initiation in S1 (n = 24) was 14.5 days (IQR 8-28.0) and in S2 (n = 43) it was 8 days [interquartile range (IQR) 6-12.0]. The estimated mean costs per examination in S1 and S2 were US$24.61 and US$6.98, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with SSM, Xpert test showed a greater sensitivity, but it also had a time delay with respect to treatment initiation and a higher mean cost per examination.

Abstract Objective to estimate the mortality risk associated with blood sugar levels in patients with septicemia in an Intensive Care Unit. Methods this is a retrospective cohort study, performed with 263 patients with septicemia admitted to an intensive care unit, using the hospital management system data. Results there was a higher frequency of patients aged from 14 to 59 years old (52.1%), male (55.9%), white (85.9%) of clinical specialties (65.8%); the hospitalization period ranged from 2 to 132 days; 91.6% of patients (n=241) were hyperglycemic at the time of hospitalization. There were 37 (14.1%) deaths, more frequent in patients with hyperglycemia during hospitalization (1.49 deaths/1,000 patients). Conclusion hyperglycemia was a risk factor for mortality in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.

Resumo Objetivo estimar o risco de mortalidade associado aos níveis glicêmicos em pacientes com septicemia em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos estudo de coorte retrospectivo com 263 pacientes com septicemia internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva, utilizando dados do sistema de gestão hospitalar. Resultados houve maior frequência de pacientes na faixa etária de 14 a 59 anos (52,1%), sexo masculino (55,9%), raça branca (85,9%), de especialidades clínicas (65,8%); o período de internação variou de 2 a 132 dias; 91,6% dos pacientes (n=241) estavam hiperglicêmicos no momento da hospitalização. Ocorreram 37 (14,1%) óbitos, sendo mais frequentes nos pacientes que apresentaram hiperglicemia na hospitalização (1,49 óbitos/1000 pacientes). Conclusão a hiperglicemia mostrou-se fator de risco para mortalidade em pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.

Introdução: O implante por cateter de prótese aórtica (TAVI, do inglês transcatheter aortic valve implantation) constitui tratamento alternativo para pacientes com estenose aórtica de alto risco cirúrgico ou inoperáveis. Para adquirir competência, o grupo multidisciplinar deve receber treinamento específico e acumular experiência na execução do TAVI. Contudo, sua curva de aprendizado não está bem estabelecida. Nosso objetivo foi analisar o impacto da curva de aprendizado na seleção de pacientes, nos aspectos técnicos e nos resultados clínicos do TAVI. Métodos: Estudo observacional e prospectivo dos primeiros 150 pacientes submetidos a TAVI por via femoral, entre janeiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2013 divididos em tercis (n = 50) de acordo com a data do procedimento. Os desfechos foram definidos conforme os critérios Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 (VARC-2). Resultados: A idade foi de 82,5 ± 6,7 anos, sendo 44% homens e 75% em classe NYHA III/IV. O EuroSCORE (24,2 ± 13% vs. 21,2 ± 10,8% vs. 23,4 ± 14,3%) e o STS Score (5,9 ± 2,9% vs. 6,7 ± 4,3% vs. 5,8 ± 3,1%) foram similares entre os grupos. Observou-se redução gradativa nos tempos do procedimento (107,2 ± 48,1 minutos vs. 90,3 ± 42,2 minutos vs. 76,6 ± 37,7 minutos; p < 0,01) e de fluoroscopia (31,3 ± 9,6 minutos vs. 25,4 ± 8,7 minutos vs. 17,2 ± 6,2 minutos; p = 0,01), e no volume de contraste (145,5 ± 70,9 mL vs. 123,2 ± 87,8 mL vs. 101,1 ± 50 mL; p = 0,01). A mortalidade reduziu-se de forma progressiva (20% vs. 10% vs. 4%; p = 0,047), e menores taxas de sangramentos e de refluxo paraprotético de grau moderado/grave foram observadas no terceiro tercil (14% e 4%, respectivamente). Não ocorreram casos de reintervenção, acidente vascular cerebral e nem outros eventos clínicos entre a alta hospitalar e o 30º dia pós-implante. Conclusões: A competência para o TAVI aumentou progressivamente com o número de pacientes tratados, associando-se a melhores desfechos clínicos.

Background: Seaweeds are good sources of dietary fibre, which can influence glucose uptake and glycemic control. Objective: To investigate and compare the in vitro inhibitory activity of different extracts from Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame), Himanthalia elongata (Sea spaghetti) and Porphyra umbilicalis (Nori) on α-glucosidase activity and glucose diffusion. Methods: The in vitro effects chloroform-, ethanol- and water-soluble extracts of the three algae were assayed on α-glucosidase activity and glucose diffusion through membrane. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify patterns in the data and to discriminate which extract will show the most proper effect. Results: Only water extracts of Sea spaghetti possessed significant in vitro inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase activity (26.2% less mmol/L glucose production than control, p < 0.05) at 75 min. PCA distinguished Sea spaghetti effects, supporting that soluble fibre and polyphenols were involved. After 6 h, Ethanol-Sea spaghetti and water-Wakame extracts exerted the highest inhibitory effects on glucose diffusion (65.0% and 60.2% vs control, respectively). This extracts displayed the lowest slopes for glucose diffusion-time lineal adjustments (68.2% and 62.8% vs control, respectively). Conclusions: The seaweed hypoglycemic effects appear multi-faceted and not necessarily concatenated. According to present results, ethanol and water extracts of Sea spaghetti, and water extracts of Wakame could be useful for the development of functional foods with specific hypoglycemic properties.

Antecedentes: Las algas son importante fuente alimentaria de fibra dietética y puede influir sobre la absorción de glucosa y el control glucémico. Objetivo: Evaluar y comparar in vitro los efectos de diferentes extractos de las algas Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame), Himanthalia elongata (Espagueti de mar) y Porphyra umbilicalis (Nori) sobre la actividad enzimàtica α-glucosidasa y la difusión de glucosa. Métodos: Se estudiaron los efectos de los extractos clorofórmicos, etànólicos y acuosos de las tres algas sobre la actividad α-glucosidasa y la difusión de glucosa a través de una membrana de diàlisis. Se aplicó a los resultados un análisis de los componentes principales (PCA) para identificar posibles patrones de composición y seleccionar el extracto que mejores propiedades posea. Resultados: El extracto acuoso de Espagueti de mar inhibió de forma significativa la actividad α-glucosidasa (26,2% menos liberación de glucosa, p < 0,05). El PCA sugiere que la fibra soluble y los polifenoles son los responsables de tal efecto. Respecto a la difusión de glucosa, el extracto etanólico de Espagueti de mar y el acuoso de Wakame mostraron un mayor efecto inhibidor después de 6 horas (65% y 60,2% vs control, respectivamente) y las menores pendientes en los ajustes lineales difusión de glucosa-tiempo (68,2% y 62,8% vs control respectivamente). Conclusiones: Los resultados de los diferentes extractos sugieren que los efectos hipogluceminates de las algas son variados y no están necesariamente concatenados. Los extractos acuosos y etanólicos de Espagueti de mar y los acuosos de Wakame parecen los más adecuados para el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales con propiedades hipoglucemiantes.